What is Extreme Programming (XP)?

Extreme Programming (XP) is a type of Agile methodology that is designed to be used in software development. It was first introduced by Kent Beck in the late 1990s and is based on the idea that software development is a highly collaborative and communicative process that requires continuous feedback and adaptation.

The main elements of Extreme Programming are:
1. Pair programming: Two developers work together at one computer, with one typing and the other reviewing and offering suggestions.
2. Test-driven development: Writing automated tests before writing code, and then writing the code to pass the tests.
3. Continuous integration: Integrating code changes into a shared repository multiple times a day, and running automated tests on the integrated code.
4. Small releases: Releasing small, incremental versions of the software frequently, rather than waiting for a large, final release.
5. Customer involvement: Involving the customer in the development process, and using their feedback to guide the development.

XP is designed to be highly adaptable to changing requirements and circumstances and encourages frequent feedback and adaptation through small releases, continuous integration and customer involvement. XP practices are best suited for small to medium-sized projects, and projects that require a high degree of collaboration, communication, and adaptability.

XP also emphasizes on the importance of communication, feedback, and adaptation in software development, it also encourages developers to work closely with customers and stakeholders to ensure that the software meets their needs, and to continuously improve the process and the product.